2. StationXML Reference

2.1. <FDSNStationXML> required

Root-level for StationXML documents.

attribute

type

required

description

example

schemaVersion

decimal

yes

The schema version compatible with the document.

schemaVersion=’1.1’

2.1.1. <Source> required

FDSNStationXML Source

type:string

Generator of the information contained in the document.

2.1.2. <Sender>

FDSNStationXML Sender

type:string

Name of the institution sending this message.

2.1.3. <Module>

FDSNStationXML Module

type:string

Name of the software module that generated this document.

Example: <Module>SeisComp3</Module>

2.1.4. <ModuleURI>

FDSNStationXML ModuleURI

type:anyURI

Address of the query that generated the document, or, if applicable, the address of the software that generated this document.

2.1.5. <Created> required

FDSNStationXML Created

type:dateTime

Creation date of the documentation.

2.2. <Network> required

The Network container. All station metadata for this network is contained within this element. A Description element may be included with the official network name and other descriptive information. An Identifier element may be included to designate a persistent identifier (e.g. DOI) to use for citation. A Comment element may be included for arbitrary comments.

Example: <Network code=”IU” startDate=2016-01-27T13:00:00>

attribute

type

required

description

example

alternateCode

string

no

A code use for display or association

alternateCode=’IX’

code

string

yes

Name of Network

code=’IU’

endDate

dateTime

no

End date of network

endDate=2018-01-27T00:00:00

historicalCode

string

no

LevelDefault:A previously used code if different from the current code

historicalCode=’II’

restrictedStatus

RestrictedStatusType

no

One of:’open’, ‘closed’, ‘partial’

restrictedStatus=’open’

sourceID

anyURI

no

A data source identifier in URI form

sourceID=’http://some/path

startDate

dateTime

no

Start date of network

startDate=2016-07-01T00:00:00

2.2.1. <Description>

Network Description

type:string

Description of the Network.

Example: <Description>This is a description</Description>

2.2.2. <Identifier>

Network Identifier

type:string

A type to document persistent identifiers. Identifier values should be specified without a URI scheme (prefix), instead the identifier type is documented as an attribute.

attribute

type

required

description

example

type

string

no

Identifier type

type=’DOI’

2.2.3. <Comment>

Network Comment

Container for a comment or log entry.

attribute

type

required

description

example

id

CounterType

no

An ID for this comment

id=12345

subject

string

no

A subject for this comment. Multiple comments with the same subject should be considered related.

subject=’Scheduled maintenance’

<Value> required

Network Comment Value

type:string

Comment text.

Example: <Value>GPS clock is lost</Value>

<BeginEffectiveTime>

Network Comment BeginEffectiveTime

type:dateTime

Start time for when comment applies.

Example: <BeginEffectiveTime>2008-09-15T00:00:00</BeginEffectiveTime>

<EndEffectiveTime>

Network Comment EndEffectiveTime

type:dateTime

End time for when comment applies.

Example: <EndEffectiveTime>2008-09-16T12:00:00</EndEffectiveTime>

<Author>

Network Comment Author

Author of Comment.

<Name>

Network Comment Author Name

type:string

Name of contact or author.

Example: <Name>Alfred E. Neuman</Name>

<Agency>

Network Comment Author Agency

type:string

Agency of contact or author.

Example: <Agency>Mad Magazine, Inc.</Agency>

<Email>

Network Comment Author Email

type:string

Email of contact or author.

Example: <Email>a.neuman@nosuchsite.com</Email>

<Phone>

Network Comment Author Phone

Phone of contact or author.

attribute

type

required

description

example

description

string

no

<CountryCode>

Network Comment Author Phone CountryCode

type:integer

Telephone country code.

Example: <CountryCode>64</CountryCode>

<AreaCode> required

Network Comment Author Phone AreaCode

type:integer

Telephone area code.

Example: <AreaCode>408</CountryCode>

<PhoneNumber> required

Network Comment Author Phone PhoneNumber

type:string

Telephone phonenumber.

Example: <PhoneNumber>5551212</PhoneNumber>

2.2.4. <DataAvailability>

Network DataAvailability

A description of time series data availability. This information should be considered transient and is primarily useful as a guide for generating time series data requests. The information for a DataAvailability:Span may be specific to the time range used in a request that resulted in the document or limited to the availability of data within the request range. These details may or may not be retained when synchronizing metadata between data centers.

<Extent>

Network DataAvailability Extent

Data availability extents, the earliest and latest data available. No information about the continuity of the data is included or implied.

attribute

type

required

description

example

end

dateTime

yes

end date of extent

end=1988-12-31T00:00:00

start

dateTime

yes

start date of extent

start=1988-01-01T00:00:00

<Span>

Network DataAvailability Span

A type for describing data availability spans, with variable continuity. The time range described may be based on the request parameters that generated the document and not necessarily relate to continuity outside of the range. It may also be a smaller time window than the request depending on the data characteristics.

attribute

type

required

description

example

end

dateTime

yes

end date of span

end=1988-12-31T00:00:00

maximumTimeTear

decimal

no

The maximum time tear (gap or overlap) in seconds between time series segments in the specified range.

maximumTimeTear=0.01

numberSegments

integer

yes

The number of continuous time series segments contained in the specified time range. A value of 1 indicates that the time series is continuous from start to end.

numberSegments=2

start

dateTime

yes

start date of span

start=1988-01-01T00:00:00

2.2.5. <Operator>

Network Operator

Agency and contact persons who manage this network.

<Agency> required

Network Operator Agency

type:string

An operating agency and associated contact persons.

Example: <Agency>USGS</Agency>

<Contact>

Network Operator Contact

Person’s contact information. A person can belong to multiple agencies and have multiple email addresses and phone numbers.

<Name>

Network Operator Contact Name

type:string

Name of contact or author.

Example: <Name>Alfred E. Neuman</Name>

<Agency>

Network Operator Contact Agency

type:string

Agency of contact or author.

Example: <Agency>Mad Magazine, Inc.</Agency>

<Email>

Network Operator Contact Email

type:string

Email of contact or author.

Example: <Email>a.neuman@nosuchsite.com</Email>

<Phone>

Network Operator Contact Phone

Phone of contact or author.

attribute

type

required

description

example

description

string

no

<CountryCode>

Network Operator Contact Phone CountryCode

type:integer

Telephone country code.

Example: <CountryCode>64</CountryCode>

<AreaCode> required

Network Operator Contact Phone AreaCode

type:integer

Telephone area code.

Example: <AreaCode>408</CountryCode>

<PhoneNumber> required

Network Operator Contact Phone PhoneNumber

type:string

Telephone phonenumber.

Example: <PhoneNumber>5551212</PhoneNumber>

<WebSite>

Network Operator WebSite

type:anyURI

Website of operating agency.

Example: <WebSite>http://usgs.gov</WebSite>

2.2.6. <TotalNumberStations>

Network TotalNumberStations

Warning

This field is likely to be deprecated in future versions of StationXML

type:decimal range:TotalNumberStations \(\ge\) 0

The total number of stations in this network, including inactive or terminated stations.

Example: <TotalNumberStations>24</TotalNumberStations>

2.2.7. <SelectedNumberStations>

Network SelectedNumberStations

Warning

This field is likely to be deprecated in future versions of StationXML

type:decimal range:SelectedNumberStations \(\ge\) 0

The number of stations selected in the request that resulted in this document.

Example: <SelectedNumberStations>12</SelectedNumberStations>

2.3. <Station>

The Station container. All channel metadata for this station is contained within this element. A Description element may be included with the official station name and other descriptive information. An Identifier element may be included to designate a persistent identifier (e.g. DOI) to use for citation or reference. A Comment element may be included for arbitrary comments.

attribute

type

required

description

example

alternateCode

string

no

A code use for display or association

code

string

yes

Name of Station

code=’ANMO’

endDate

dateTime

no

End date of station epoch

endDate=2018-01-27T00:00:00

historicalCode

string

no

LevelDefault:A previously used code if different from the current code

restrictedStatus

RestrictedStatusType

no

One of:’open’, ‘closed’, ‘partial’

restrictedStatus=’open’

sourceID

anyURI

no

A data source identifier in URI form

sourceID=’http://some/path

startDate

dateTime

no

Start date of station epoch

startDate=2016-07-01T00:00:00

2.3.1. <Description>

Station Description

type:string

Description of the Station.

Example: <Description>This is a description</Description>

2.3.2. <Identifier>

Station Identifier

type:string

A type to document persistent identifiers. Identifier values should be specified without a URI scheme (prefix), instead the identifier type is documented as an attribute.

attribute

type

required

description

example

type

string

no

Identifier type

type=’DOI’

2.3.3. <Comment>

Station Comment

Container for a comment or log entry.

attribute

type

required

description

example

id

CounterType

no

An ID for this comment

id=12345

subject

string

no

A subject for this comment. Multiple comments with the same subject should be considered related.

subject=’Scheduled maintenance’

<Value> required

Station Comment Value

type:string

Comment text.

Example: <Value>GPS clock is lost</Value>

<BeginEffectiveTime>

Station Comment BeginEffectiveTime

type:dateTime

Start time for when comment applies.

Example: <BeginEffectiveTime>2008-09-15T00:00:00</BeginEffectiveTime>

<EndEffectiveTime>

Station Comment EndEffectiveTime

type:dateTime

End time for when comment applies.

Example: <EndEffectiveTime>2008-09-16T12:00:00</EndEffectiveTime>

<Author>

Station Comment Author

Author of Comment.

<Name>

Station Comment Author Name

type:string

Name of contact or author.

Example: <Name>Alfred E. Neuman</Name>

<Agency>

Station Comment Author Agency

type:string

Agency of contact or author.

Example: <Agency>Mad Magazine, Inc.</Agency>

<Email>

Station Comment Author Email

type:string

Email of contact or author.

Example: <Email>a.neuman@nosuchsite.com</Email>

<Phone>

Station Comment Author Phone

Phone of contact or author.

attribute

type

required

description

example

description

string

no

<CountryCode>

Station Comment Author Phone CountryCode

type:integer

Telephone country code.

Example: <CountryCode>64</CountryCode>

<AreaCode> required

Station Comment Author Phone AreaCode

type:integer

Telephone area code.

Example: <AreaCode>408</CountryCode>

<PhoneNumber> required

Station Comment Author Phone PhoneNumber

type:string

Telephone phonenumber.

Example: <PhoneNumber>5551212</PhoneNumber>

2.3.4. <DataAvailability>

Station DataAvailability

A description of time series data availability. This information should be considered transient and is primarily useful as a guide for generating time series data requests. The information for a DataAvailability:Span may be specific to the time range used in a request that resulted in the document or limited to the availability of data within the request range. These details may or may not be retained when synchronizing metadata between data centers.

<Extent>

Station DataAvailability Extent

Data availability extents, the earliest and latest data available. No information about the continuity of the data is included or implied.

attribute

type

required

description

example

end

dateTime

yes

end date of extent

end=1988-12-31T00:00:00

start

dateTime

yes

start date of extent

start=1988-01-01T00:00:00

<Span>

Station DataAvailability Span

A type for describing data availability spans, with variable continuity. The time range described may be based on the request parameters that generated the document and not necessarily relate to continuity outside of the range. It may also be a smaller time window than the request depending on the data characteristics.

attribute

type

required

description

example

end

dateTime

yes

end date of span

end=1988-12-31T00:00:00

maximumTimeTear

decimal

no

The maximum time tear (gap or overlap) in seconds between time series segments in the specified range.

maximumTimeTear=0.01

numberSegments

integer

yes

The number of continuous time series segments contained in the specified time range. A value of 1 indicates that the time series is continuous from start to end.

numberSegments=2

start

dateTime

yes

start date of span

start=1988-01-01T00:00:00

2.3.5. <Latitude> required

Station Latitude

type:double range:-90.0 \(\le\) Latitude \(\lt\) 90.0

Station latitude, by default in degrees. Where the bulk of the equipment is located (or another appropriate site location).

Example: <Latitude unit=”DEGREES” datum=”WGS84”>34.9459</Latitude>

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’DEGREES’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

datum

NMTOKEN

no

2.3.6. <Longitude> required

Station Longitude

type:double range:-180.0 \(\le\) Longitude \(\le\) 180.0

Station longitude, by default in degrees. Where the bulk of the equipment is located (or another appropriate site location).

Example: <Longitude unit=”DEGREES” datum=”WGS84”>-106.4572</Longitude>

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’DEGREES’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

datum

NMTOKEN

no

2.3.7. <Elevation> required

Station Elevation

type:double

Station elevation, by default in meters.

Example: <Elevation unit=”m”>1850.0</Elevation>

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’METERS’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

2.3.8. <Site> required

Station Site

Description of the location of the station using geopolitical entities (country, city, etc.).

<Name> required

Station Site Name

type:string

Name of the site.

Example: <Name>Albuquerque, New Mexico</Name>

<Description>

Station Site Description

type:string

A longer description of the location of this station.

Example: <Description>NW corner of Yellowstone National Park</Description>

<Town>

Station Site Town

type:string

The town or city closest to the station.

Example: <Town>Albuquerque</Town>

<County>

Station Site County

type:string

The county where the station is located.

Example: <County>Bernalillo</County>

<Region>

Station Site Region

type:string

The state, province, or region of this site.

Example: <Region>Southwest U.S.</Region>

<Country>

Station Site Country

type:string

The country of this site.

Example: <Country>U.S.A.</Country>

2.3.9. <WaterLevel>

Station WaterLevel

type:double

Elevation of the water surface (in meters) for underwater sites, where 0 is sea level. If you put an ocean-bottom seismometer (OBS) on a lake bottom, where the lake surface is at elevation=0, then you should set WaterLevel=0.

Example: <WaterLevel>1200</WaterLevel>

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The unit of measurement. Use SI unit names and symbols whenever possible.

unit=’METERS’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

2.3.10. <Vault>

Station Vault

type:string

Type of vault, e.g. World-Wide Standardized Seismograph Network (WWSSN), tunnel, USArray Transportable Array Generation 2, etc.

2.3.11. <Geology>

Station Geology

type:string

Type of rock and/or geologic formation at the station.

2.3.12. <Equipment>

Station Equipment

Equipment used by all channels at a station.

attribute

type

required

description

example

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Type>

Station Equipment Type

type:string

Type of equipment.

<Description>

Station Equipment Description

type:string

Description of equipment.

<Manufacturer>

Station Equipment Manufacturer

type:string

Manufacturer of equipment.

<Vendor>

Station Equipment Vendor

type:string

Vendor of equipment.

<Model>

Station Equipment Model

type:string

Model of equipment.

<SerialNumber>

Station Equipment SerialNumber

type:string

Serial number of equipment.

<InstallationDate>

Station Equipment InstallationDate

type:dateTime

Installation date of equipment.

<RemovalDate>

Station Equipment RemovalDate

type:dateTime

Removal date of equipment.

<CalibrationDate>

Station Equipment CalibrationDate

type:dateTime

A description of the units of the calibration.

2.3.13. <Operator>

Station Operator

Operator and associated contact persons.

<Agency> required

Station Operator Agency

type:string

An operating agency and associated contact persons.

Example: <Agency>USGS</Agency>

<Contact>

Station Operator Contact

Person’s contact information. A person can belong to multiple agencies and have multiple email addresses and phone numbers.

<Name>

Station Operator Contact Name

type:string

Name of contact or author.

Example: <Name>Alfred E. Neuman</Name>

<Agency>

Station Operator Contact Agency

type:string

Agency of contact or author.

Example: <Agency>Mad Magazine, Inc.</Agency>

<Email>

Station Operator Contact Email

type:string

Email of contact or author.

Example: <Email>a.neuman@nosuchsite.com</Email>

<Phone>

Station Operator Contact Phone

Phone of contact or author.

attribute

type

required

description

example

description

string

no

<CountryCode>

Station Operator Contact Phone CountryCode

type:integer

Telephone country code.

Example: <CountryCode>64</CountryCode>

<AreaCode> required

Station Operator Contact Phone AreaCode

type:integer

Telephone area code.

Example: <AreaCode>408</CountryCode>

<PhoneNumber> required

Station Operator Contact Phone PhoneNumber

type:string

Telephone phonenumber.

Example: <PhoneNumber>5551212</PhoneNumber>

<WebSite>

Station Operator WebSite

type:anyURI

Website of operating agency.

Example: <WebSite>http://usgs.gov</WebSite>

2.3.14. <CreationDate>

Station CreationDate

type:dateTime

Date and time (UTC) when the station was first installed.

2.3.15. <TerminationDate>

Station TerminationDate

type:dateTime

Date and time (UTC) when the station was terminated or will be terminated. Do not include this field if a termination date is not available or is not relevant.

2.3.16. <TotalNumberChannels>

Station TotalNumberChannels

Warning

This field is likely to be deprecated in future versions of StationXML.

type:decimal range:TotalNumberChannels \(\ge\) 0

Total number of channels recorded at this station.

2.3.17. <SelectedNumberChannels>

Station SelectedNumberChannels

Warning

This field is likely to be deprecated in future versions of StationXML.

type:decimal range:SelectedNumberChannels \(\ge\) 0

The number of channels selected in the request that resulted in this document.

2.3.18. <ExternalReference>

Station ExternalReference

URI of any type of external report.

<URI> required

Station ExternalReference URI

type:anyURI

URI of the external reference.

<Description> required

Station ExternalReference Description

type:string

Description of the external reference.

2.4. <Channel>

The Channel container. A Description element may be included with other information. An Identifier element may be included to designate a persistent identifier (e.g. DOI) to use for citation or reference. A Comment element may be included for arbitrary comments.

attribute

type

required

description

example

alternateCode

string

no

A code use for display or association

code

string

yes

Name of Channel

code=’BHZ’

endDate

dateTime

no

End date of channel epoch

endDate=2018-01-27T00:00:00

historicalCode

string

no

LevelDefault:A previously used code if different from the current code

locationCode

string

yes

The locationCode is typically used to group channels from a common sensor. For example, the channels of the primary sensor at global IDA-IRIS stations have locationCode = ‘00’: 00_BHZ, 00_BHE, 00_BHN, 00_LHZ, …, etc. Even though it is required, locationCode may be, and often is, an empty string, however, it is recommended that the locationCode not be empty.

locationCode=’30’

restrictedStatus

RestrictedStatusType

no

One of:’open’, ‘closed’, ‘partial’

restrictedStatus=’open’

sourceID

anyURI

no

A data source identifier in URI form

sourceID=’http://some/path

startDate

dateTime

no

Start date of channel epoch

startDate=2016-07-01T00:00:00

2.4.1. <Description>

Channel Description

type:string

Description of the Channel.

Example: <Description>This is a description</Description>

2.4.2. <Identifier>

Channel Identifier

type:string

A type to document persistent identifiers. Identifier values should be specified without a URI scheme (prefix), instead the identifier type is documented as an attribute.

attribute

type

required

description

example

type

string

no

Identifier type

type=’DOI’

2.4.3. <Comment>

Channel Comment

Container for a comment or log entry.

attribute

type

required

description

example

id

CounterType

no

An ID for this comment

id=12345

subject

string

no

A subject for this comment. Multiple comments with the same subject should be considered related.

subject=’Scheduled maintenance’

<Value> required

Channel Comment Value

type:string

Comment text.

Example: <Value>GPS clock is lost</Value>

<BeginEffectiveTime>

Channel Comment BeginEffectiveTime

type:dateTime

Start time for when comment applies.

Example: <BeginEffectiveTime>2008-09-15T00:00:00</BeginEffectiveTime>

<EndEffectiveTime>

Channel Comment EndEffectiveTime

type:dateTime

End time for when comment applies.

Example: <EndEffectiveTime>2008-09-16T12:00:00</EndEffectiveTime>

<Author>

Channel Comment Author

Author of Comment.

<Name>

Channel Comment Author Name

type:string

Name of contact or author.

Example: <Name>Alfred E. Neuman</Name>

<Agency>

Channel Comment Author Agency

type:string

Agency of contact or author.

Example: <Agency>Mad Magazine, Inc.</Agency>

<Email>

Channel Comment Author Email

type:string

Email of contact or author.

Example: <Email>a.neuman@nosuchsite.com</Email>

<Phone>

Channel Comment Author Phone

Phone of contact or author.

attribute

type

required

description

example

description

string

no

<CountryCode>

Channel Comment Author Phone CountryCode

type:integer

Telephone country code.

Example: <CountryCode>64</CountryCode>

<AreaCode> required

Channel Comment Author Phone AreaCode

type:integer

Telephone area code.

Example: <AreaCode>408</CountryCode>

<PhoneNumber> required

Channel Comment Author Phone PhoneNumber

type:string

Telephone phonenumber.

Example: <PhoneNumber>5551212</PhoneNumber>

2.4.4. <DataAvailability>

Channel DataAvailability

A description of time series data availability. This information should be considered transient and is primarily useful as a guide for generating time series data requests. The information for a DataAvailability:Span may be specific to the time range used in a request that resulted in the document or limited to the availability of data within the request range. These details may or may not be retained when synchronizing metadata between data centers.

<Extent>

Channel DataAvailability Extent

Data availability extents, the earliest and latest data available. No information about the continuity of the data is included or implied.

attribute

type

required

description

example

end

dateTime

yes

end date of extent

end=1988-12-31T00:00:00

start

dateTime

yes

start date of extent

start=1988-01-01T00:00:00

<Span>

Channel DataAvailability Span

A type for describing data availability spans, with variable continuity. The time range described may be based on the request parameters that generated the document and not necessarily relate to continuity outside of the range. It may also be a smaller time window than the request depending on the data characteristics.

attribute

type

required

description

example

end

dateTime

yes

end date of span

end=1988-12-31T00:00:00

maximumTimeTear

decimal

no

The maximum time tear (gap or overlap) in seconds between time series segments in the specified range.

maximumTimeTear=0.01

numberSegments

integer

yes

The number of continuous time series segments contained in the specified time range. A value of 1 indicates that the time series is continuous from start to end.

numberSegments=2

start

dateTime

yes

start date of span

start=1988-01-01T00:00:00

2.4.5. <ExternalReference>

Channel ExternalReference

URI of any type of external report, such as data quality reports.

<URI> required

Channel ExternalReference URI

type:anyURI

URI of the external reference.

<Description> required

Channel ExternalReference Description

type:string

Description of the external reference.

2.4.6. <Latitude> required

Channel Latitude

type:double range:-90.0 \(\le\) Latitude \(\lt\) 90.0

Latitude of this channel’s sensor, by default in degrees. Often the same as the station latitude, but when different the channel latitude is the true location of the sensor.

Example: <Latitude unit=”DEGREES” datum=”WGS84”>34.9459</Latitude>

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’DEGREES’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

datum

NMTOKEN

no

2.4.7. <Longitude> required

Channel Longitude

type:double range:-180.0 \(\le\) Longitude \(\le\) 180.0

Longitude of this channel’s sensor, by default in degrees. Often the same as the station longitude, but when different the channel longitude is the true location of the sensor.

Example: <Longitude unit=”DEGREES” datum=”WGS84”>-106.4572</Longitude>

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’DEGREES’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

datum

NMTOKEN

no

2.4.8. <Elevation> required

Channel Elevation

type:double

Elevation of the sensor, by default in meters.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’METERS’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

2.4.9. <Depth> required

Channel Depth

type:double

The depth of the sensor under the local surface ground level, in positive meters.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’METERS’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

2.4.10. <Azimuth>

Channel Azimuth

type:double range:0.0 \(\le\) Azimuth \(\lt\) 360.0

Azimuth of the sensor in degrees clockwise from geographic (true) north.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’DEGREES’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

2.4.11. <Dip>

Channel Dip

type:double range:-90.0 \(\le\) Dip \(\le\) 90.0

Dip of the instrument in degrees, positive down from horizontal.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’DEGREES’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

2.4.12. <WaterLevel>

Channel WaterLevel

type:double

Elevation of the water surface in meters for underwater sites, where 0 is sea level. If you put an OBS on a lake bottom, where the lake surface is at elevation=0, then you should set WaterLevel=0.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The unit of measurement. Use SI unit names and symbols whenever possible.

unit=’METERS’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

2.4.13. <Type>

Channel Type

type:string

Data type for this channel. One or more <Type> tags can be used to specify the nature of the data this channel collects. For example, <Type>Specific</Type>, where Type is in {TRIGGERED, CONTINUOUS, HEALTH, GEOPHYSICAL, WEATHER, FLAG, SYNTHESIZED}, and Specific might be {Seismic, Pressure, Temperature, Status of system peripherals, etc.}.

Example: <HEALTH>Status of system peripherals</HEALTH>

2.4.14. <SampleRate>

Channel SampleRate

type:double

Sample rate in samples per second. SampleRate is optional unless SampleRateRatio is present, in which case SampleRate is required.

Example: <SampleRate units=’SAMPLES/S’>40.0</SampleRate>

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’SAMPLES/S’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

2.4.15. <SampleRateRatio>

Channel SampleRateRatio

Sample rate expressed as number of samples in a number of seconds. If present, then <SampleRate> must also be present. It can be useful for very slow data (greater than 10 days).

Example: <SampleRate>3.859999367e-07</SampleRate> <SampleRateRatio><NumberSamples>1</NumberSamples> <NumberSeconds>2590674</NumberSeconds> </SampleRateRatio>

<NumberSamples> required

Channel SampleRateRatio NumberSamples

type:integer

<NumberSeconds> required

Channel SampleRateRatio NumberSeconds

type:integer

2.4.16. <ClockDrift>

Channel ClockDrift

type:double range:ClockDrift \(\ge\) 0.0

Tolerance value, measured in seconds per sample, used as a threshold for time error detection in data from the channel.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The unit of drift value.

unit=’SECONDS/SAMPLE’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

2.4.17. <CalibrationUnits>

Channel CalibrationUnits

Units of calibration.

<Name> required

Channel CalibrationUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Channel CalibrationUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

2.4.18. <Sensor>

Channel Sensor

Details of the (typically analog) sensor attached to this channel. If this was entered at the Station level, it is not necessary to do it for each Channel, unless you have differences in equipment.

attribute

type

required

description

example

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Type>

Channel Sensor Type

type:string

Type of equipment.

<Description>

Channel Sensor Description

type:string

Description of equipment.

<Manufacturer>

Channel Sensor Manufacturer

type:string

Manufacturer of equipment.

<Vendor>

Channel Sensor Vendor

type:string

Vendor of equipment.

<Model>

Channel Sensor Model

type:string

Model of equipment.

<SerialNumber>

Channel Sensor SerialNumber

type:string

Serial number of equipment.

<InstallationDate>

Channel Sensor InstallationDate

type:dateTime

Installation date of equipment.

<RemovalDate>

Channel Sensor RemovalDate

type:dateTime

Removal date of equipment.

<CalibrationDate>

Channel Sensor CalibrationDate

type:dateTime

A description of the units of the calibration.

2.4.19. <PreAmplifier>

Channel PreAmplifier

Preamplifier (if any) used by this channel. If this was entered at the Station level, it is not necessary to do it for each Channel, unless you have differences in equipment.

attribute

type

required

description

example

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Type>

Channel PreAmplifier Type

type:string

Type of equipment.

<Description>

Channel PreAmplifier Description

type:string

Description of equipment.

<Manufacturer>

Channel PreAmplifier Manufacturer

type:string

Manufacturer of equipment.

<Vendor>

Channel PreAmplifier Vendor

type:string

Vendor of equipment.

<Model>

Channel PreAmplifier Model

type:string

Model of equipment.

<SerialNumber>

Channel PreAmplifier SerialNumber

type:string

Serial number of equipment.

<InstallationDate>

Channel PreAmplifier InstallationDate

type:dateTime

Installation date of equipment.

<RemovalDate>

Channel PreAmplifier RemovalDate

type:dateTime

Removal date of equipment.

<CalibrationDate>

Channel PreAmplifier CalibrationDate

type:dateTime

A description of the units of the calibration.

2.4.20. <DataLogger>

Channel DataLogger

Datalogger that recorded this channel. If this was entered at the Station level, it is not necessary to do it for each Channel, unless you have differences in equipment.

attribute

type

required

description

example

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Type>

Channel DataLogger Type

type:string

Type of equipment.

<Description>

Channel DataLogger Description

type:string

Description of equipment.

<Manufacturer>

Channel DataLogger Manufacturer

type:string

Manufacturer of equipment.

<Vendor>

Channel DataLogger Vendor

type:string

Vendor of equipment.

<Model>

Channel DataLogger Model

type:string

Model of equipment.

<SerialNumber>

Channel DataLogger SerialNumber

type:string

Serial number of equipment.

<InstallationDate>

Channel DataLogger InstallationDate

type:dateTime

Installation date of equipment.

<RemovalDate>

Channel DataLogger RemovalDate

type:dateTime

Removal date of equipment.

<CalibrationDate>

Channel DataLogger CalibrationDate

type:dateTime

A description of the units of the calibration.

2.4.21. <Equipment>

Channel Equipment

If the Equipment is entered at the Station level, it is not necessary to do it for each Channel, unless you have differences in equipment. If using a preamplifier, sensor, or datalogger, use their appropriate fields instead.

attribute

type

required

description

example

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Type>

Channel Equipment Type

type:string

Type of equipment.

<Description>

Channel Equipment Description

type:string

Description of equipment.

<Manufacturer>

Channel Equipment Manufacturer

type:string

Manufacturer of equipment.

<Vendor>

Channel Equipment Vendor

type:string

Vendor of equipment.

<Model>

Channel Equipment Model

type:string

Model of equipment.

<SerialNumber>

Channel Equipment SerialNumber

type:string

Serial number of equipment.

<InstallationDate>

Channel Equipment InstallationDate

type:dateTime

Installation date of equipment.

<RemovalDate>

Channel Equipment RemovalDate

type:dateTime

Removal date of equipment.

<CalibrationDate>

Channel Equipment CalibrationDate

type:dateTime

A description of the units of the calibration.

2.5. <Response>

The complete instrument response for this channel that expresses the effect of the geophysical instrumentation used to record the input ground motion. The information can be used to convert raw data to Earth at a specified frequency or within a range of frequencies. It is strongly suggested that either InstrumentSensitivity or InstrumentPolynomial should be present.

attribute

type

required

description

example

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

2.5.1. <InstrumentSensitivity>

Response InstrumentSensitivity

The total sensitivity for a channel, representing the complete acquisition system expressed as a scalar. All instrument responses except polynomial response should have an InstrumentSensitivity.

<Value> required

Response InstrumentSensitivity Value

type:double

A scalar value representing the amount of amplification or diminuition, if any, the current stage applies to the input signal.

<Frequency> required

Response InstrumentSensitivity Frequency

type:double

The frequency (in Hertz) at which the Value is valid.

<InputUnits> required

Response InstrumentSensitivity InputUnits

The units of the data as input from the perspective of data acquisition. After correcting data for this response, these would be the resulting units.

<Name> required

Response InstrumentSensitivity InputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response InstrumentSensitivity InputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<OutputUnits> required

Response InstrumentSensitivity OutputUnits

The units of the data as output from the perspective of data acquisition. These would be the units of the data prior to correcting for this response.

<Name> required

Response InstrumentSensitivity OutputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response InstrumentSensitivity OutputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<FrequencyStart> required

Response InstrumentSensitivity FrequencyStart

type:double

The lowest frequency for which the InstrumentSensitivity is valid.

<FrequencyEnd> required

Response InstrumentSensitivity FrequencyEnd

type:double

The highest frequency for which the InstrumentSensitivity is valid.

<FrequencyDBVariation> required

Response InstrumentSensitivity FrequencyDBVariation

type:double

Variation in decibels within the specified frequency range.

2.5.2. <InstrumentPolynomial>

Response InstrumentPolynomial

For non-linear sensors (e.g., \(N\ge 2\)), such as some thermistors, pressure transducers, extensometers, etc.), it is required to express the sensor input (e.g., Temp) as a Maclaurin series expansion of powers of the output units (e.g., Volts):

\begin{eqnarray}Temp(V)=\sum_{k=0}^{N} a_k V^{k}\end{eqnarray}

For such responses, two StationXML components are required to specify the response: 1. A Polynomial stage, which contains the values of the Maclaurin coefficients, \(a_k\), and 2. An InstrumentPolynomial element that contains the same coefficients, but scaled by powers of the overall gain representing the combined effect of all the stages in the complete acquisition system.

attribute

type

required

description

example

name

string

no

A name given to this filter.

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Description>

Response InstrumentPolynomial Description

type:string

The description of the filter/stage/response.

<InputUnits> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial InputUnits

The units of the data as input from the perspective of data acquisition. After correcting data for this response, these would be the resulting units.

<Name> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial InputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response InstrumentPolynomial InputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<OutputUnits> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial OutputUnits

The units of the data as output from the perspective of data acquisition. These would be the units of the data prior to correcting for this response.

<Name> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial OutputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response InstrumentPolynomial OutputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<ApproximationType> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial ApproximationType

type:string

The series type for the polynomial approximation.

<FrequencyLowerBound> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial FrequencyLowerBound

type:double

The lower bound of the frequency range.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’HERTZ’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<FrequencyUpperBound> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial FrequencyUpperBound

type:double

The upper bound of the frequency range.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’HERTZ’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<ApproximationLowerBound> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial ApproximationLowerBound

type:double

The lower bound of the approximation range.

<ApproximationUpperBound> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial ApproximationUpperBound

type:double

The upper bound of the approximation range.

<MaximumError> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial MaximumError

type:double

The maximum error of the approximation.

<Coefficient> required

Response InstrumentPolynomial Coefficient

type:double

attribute

type

required

description

example

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

number

CounterType

no

2.5.3. <Stage>

Response Stage

Type for channel response entry or stage. A full response is represented as a sequence of these stages.

attribute

type

required

description

example

number

CounterType

yes

Stage sequence number. This is used in all the response blockettes. Start from name=’1’ and iterate sequentially.

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<PolesZeros>

Response Stage PolesZeros

Response stage described by the complex poles and zeros of the Laplace Transform (or z-transform) of the transfer function for this stage.

attribute

type

required

description

example

name

string

no

A name given to this filter.

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Description>

Response Stage PolesZeros Description

type:string

The description of the filter/stage/response.

<InputUnits> required

Response Stage PolesZeros InputUnits

The units of the data as input from the perspective of data acquisition. After correcting data for this response, these would be the resulting units.

<Name> required

Response Stage PolesZeros InputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage PolesZeros InputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<OutputUnits> required

Response Stage PolesZeros OutputUnits

The units of the data as output from the perspective of data acquisition. These would be the units of the data prior to correcting for this response.

<Name> required

Response Stage PolesZeros OutputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage PolesZeros OutputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<PzTransferFunctionType> required

Response Stage PolesZeros PzTransferFunctionType

type:string

Allowable values are:”LAPLACE (RADIANS/SECOND)”, “LAPLACE (HERTZ)”, “DIGITAL (Z-TRANSFORM)”. For an analog stage this should be the units of the poles and zeros of the Laplace Transform, either: “LAPLACE (RADIANS/SECOND)” or “LAPLACE (HERTZ)”. For a digial z-transform (e.g., for an IIR filter), this should be “DIGITAL (Z-TRANSFORM)”.

Example: <PzTransferFunctionType>LAPLACE (RADIANS/SECOND)</PzTransferFunctionType>”.

<NormalizationFactor> required

Response Stage PolesZeros NormalizationFactor

type:double

Normalization scale factor.

<NormalizationFrequency> required

Response Stage PolesZeros NormalizationFrequency

type:double

Frequency at which the NormalizationFactor is valid. This should be the same for all stages and within the passband, if any.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’HERTZ’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<Zero>

Response Stage PolesZeros Zero

Complex zero of the polezero stage.

attribute

type

required

description

example

number

integer

no

The position index of the pole (or zero) in the array of poles[] (or zeros[])

<Pole number=’1’>

<Real> required

Response Stage PolesZeros Zero Real

type:double

Real part of the pole or zero.

attribute

type

required

description

example

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<Imaginary> required

Response Stage PolesZeros Zero Imaginary

type:double

Imaginary part of the pole or zero.

attribute

type

required

description

example

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<Pole>

Response Stage PolesZeros Pole

Complex pole of the polezero stage.

attribute

type

required

description

example

number

integer

no

The position index of the pole (or zero) in the array of poles[] (or zeros[])

<Pole number=’1’>

<Real> required

Response Stage PolesZeros Pole Real

type:double

Real part of the pole or zero.

attribute

type

required

description

example

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<Imaginary> required

Response Stage PolesZeros Pole Imaginary

type:double

Imaginary part of the pole or zero.

attribute

type

required

description

example

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<Coefficients>

Response Stage Coefficients

Response type for FIR coefficients. Laplace transforms or IIR filters can both be expressed using type as well but the PolesAndZerosType should be used instead.

attribute

type

required

description

example

name

string

no

A name given to this filter.

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Description>

Response Stage Coefficients Description

type:string

The description of the filter/stage/response.

<InputUnits> required

Response Stage Coefficients InputUnits

The units of the data as input from the perspective of data acquisition. After correcting data for this response, these would be the resulting units.

<Name> required

Response Stage Coefficients InputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage Coefficients InputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<OutputUnits> required

Response Stage Coefficients OutputUnits

The units of the data as output from the perspective of data acquisition. These would be the units of the data prior to correcting for this response.

<Name> required

Response Stage Coefficients OutputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage Coefficients OutputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<CfTransferFunctionType> required

Response Stage Coefficients CfTransferFunctionType

type:string

Almost always a digital response, but can be an analog response in rad/sec or Hertz.

<Numerator>

Response Stage Coefficients Numerator

type:double

Numerator for the coefficient.

attribute

type

required

description

example

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

number

CounterType

no

<Denominator>

Response Stage Coefficients Denominator

type:double

Denominator for the coefficient.

attribute

type

required

description

example

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

number

CounterType

no

<ResponseList>

Response Stage ResponseList

Response type for a list of frequency, amplitude, and phase values.

attribute

type

required

description

example

name

string

no

A name given to this filter.

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Description>

Response Stage ResponseList Description

type:string

The description of the filter/stage/response.

<InputUnits> required

Response Stage ResponseList InputUnits

The units of the data as input from the perspective of data acquisition. After correcting data for this response, these would be the resulting units.

<Name> required

Response Stage ResponseList InputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage ResponseList InputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<OutputUnits> required

Response Stage ResponseList OutputUnits

The units of the data as output from the perspective of data acquisition. These would be the units of the data prior to correcting for this response.

<Name> required

Response Stage ResponseList OutputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage ResponseList OutputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<ResponseListElement>

Response Stage ResponseList ResponseListElement

<Frequency> required

Response Stage ResponseList ResponseListElement Frequency

type:double

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’HERTZ’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<Amplitude> required

Response Stage ResponseList ResponseListElement Amplitude

type:double

Representation of floating-point numbers used as measurements.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The unit of measurement. Use SI unit names and symbols whenever possible.

unit=’METERS’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<Phase> required

Response Stage ResponseList ResponseListElement Phase

type:double range:-360.0 \(\le\) Phase \(\le\) 360.0

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’DEGREES’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<FIR>

Response Stage FIR

Response type for FIR filter. FIR filters are also commonly documented using the Coefficients element, with this newer type allowing representation of symmetric FIR coefficients without repeating them.

attribute

type

required

description

example

name

string

no

A name given to this filter.

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Description>

Response Stage FIR Description

type:string

The description of the filter/stage/response.

<InputUnits> required

Response Stage FIR InputUnits

The units of the data as input from the perspective of data acquisition. After correcting data for this response, these would be the resulting units.

<Name> required

Response Stage FIR InputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage FIR InputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<OutputUnits> required

Response Stage FIR OutputUnits

The units of the data as output from the perspective of data acquisition. These would be the units of the data prior to correcting for this response.

<Name> required

Response Stage FIR OutputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage FIR OutputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<Symmetry> required

Response Stage FIR Symmetry

type:string

<NumeratorCoefficient>

Response Stage FIR NumeratorCoefficient

type:double

attribute

type

required

description

example

i

integer

no

<Decimation>

Response Stage Decimation

Representation of decimation stage.

<InputSampleRate> required

Response Stage Decimation InputSampleRate

type:double

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’HERTZ’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<Factor> required

Response Stage Decimation Factor

type:integer

The factor of the input sample rate by which the rate is reduced.

<Offset> required

Response Stage Decimation Offset

type:integer

Sample offset chosen for use. The value should be greater than or equal to zero, but less than the decimation factor. If the first sample is used, set this field to zero. If the second sample, set it to 1, and so forth.

<Delay> required

Response Stage Decimation Delay

type:double

The estimated pure delay for the stage. This value will almost always be positive to indicate a delayed signal. Due to the difficulty in estimating the pure delay of a stage and because dispersion is neglected, this value should be considered nominal. Normally the delay would be corrected by the recording system and the correction applied would be specified in <Correction> below. See the Decimation Section in the StationXML documentation for a schematic description of delay sign convention.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The unit of measurement. Use SI unit names and symbols whenever possible.

unit=’SECONDS’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<Correction> required

Response Stage Decimation Correction

type:double

The time shift, if any, applied to correct for the delay at this stage. The sign convention used is opposite the <Delay> value; a positive sign here indicates that the trace was corrected to an earlier time to cancel the delay caused by the stage and indicated in the <Delay> element. Commonly, the estimated delay and the applied correction are both positive to cancel each other. A value of zero indicates no correction was applied. See the Decimation Section in the StationXML documentation for a schematic description of delay sign convention.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The unit of measurement. Use SI unit names and symbols whenever possible.

unit=’SECONDS’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<StageGain> required

Response Stage StageGain

The gain at the stage of the encapsulating response element at a specific frequency. Total channel sensitivity should be specified in the InstrumentSensitivity element.

<Value> required

Response Stage StageGain Value

type:double

A scalar value representing the amount of amplification or diminuition, if any, the current stage applies to the input signal.

<Frequency> required

Response Stage StageGain Frequency

type:double

The frequency (in Hertz) at which the Value is valid.

<Polynomial> required

Response Stage Polynomial

When a response is given in terms of a polynomial expansion of powers of the sensor output signal (e.g., Volts), a Polynomial Stage is required to specify the Maclaurin coefficients of the expansion. In addition, an InstrumentPolynomial element must be present at Response level to represent the whole acquisition process, which contains the same Maclaurin coefficients, but scaled by powers of the overall gain for all stages.

attribute

type

required

description

example

name

string

no

A name given to this filter.

resourceId

string

no

An identifier that serves to uniquely identify this resource. This identifier can be interpreted differently depending on the datacenter/software that generated the document. Also, we recommend using a prefix, e.g., GENERATOR:Meaningful ID. It should be expected that equipment with the same ID should indicate the same information/be derived from the same base instruments.

<Description>

Response Stage Polynomial Description

type:string

The description of the filter/stage/response.

<InputUnits> required

Response Stage Polynomial InputUnits

The units of the data as input from the perspective of data acquisition. After correcting data for this response, these would be the resulting units.

<Name> required

Response Stage Polynomial InputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage Polynomial InputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<OutputUnits> required

Response Stage Polynomial OutputUnits

The units of the data as output from the perspective of data acquisition. These would be the units of the data prior to correcting for this response.

<Name> required

Response Stage Polynomial OutputUnits Name

type:string

Symbol or name of units, e.g. “m/s”, “V”, “Pa”, “C”. SI whenever possible.

<Description>

Response Stage Polynomial OutputUnits Description

type:string

Description of units, e.g. “Velocity in meters per second”, “Volts”, “Pascals”, “Degrees Celsius”.

<ApproximationType> required

Response Stage Polynomial ApproximationType

type:string

The series type for the polynomial approximation.

<FrequencyLowerBound> required

Response Stage Polynomial FrequencyLowerBound

type:double

The lower bound of the frequency range.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’HERTZ’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<FrequencyUpperBound> required

Response Stage Polynomial FrequencyUpperBound

type:double

The upper bound of the frequency range.

attribute

type

required

description

example

unit

string

no

The type of unit being used.

unit=’HERTZ’

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

<ApproximationLowerBound> required

Response Stage Polynomial ApproximationLowerBound

type:double

The lower bound of the approximation range.

<ApproximationUpperBound> required

Response Stage Polynomial ApproximationUpperBound

type:double

The upper bound of the approximation range.

<MaximumError> required

Response Stage Polynomial MaximumError

type:double

The maximum error of the approximation.

<Coefficient> required

Response Stage Polynomial Coefficient

type:double

attribute

type

required

description

example

plusError

double

no

plus uncertainty or error in measured value.

plusError=0.1

minusError

double

no

minus uncertainty or error in measured value.

minusError=0.1

measurementMethod

string

no

number

CounterType

no